Rooi gevaar is an Afrikaans phrase, translated in to English as the 'Red threat' or 'Communist threat'. The term was used during Apartheid South Africa for what was seen as a security threat to the then white South African government from communist forces. The Soviet Union and Cuba supported various insurgency groups (mostly black) in sub-Saharan Africa. The struggle came to a head in the Angolan Civil War with Cuban and South African forces involved in the fighting. The term diminished in use after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.
See also the South African term Swart gevaar ('Black threat').